The Victorians were asked to bat first in Hobart and made 7-304 off their 50 overs. Rain interrupted the run chase and Tasmania's new target to win was 276 off 35 overs.
They were never in the hunt at 4-40 after Victoria paceman Mitchell Perry took 2-6 in his opening five-over spell.
Man of the match Perry finished with a stunning 4-9 off six overs as Tasmania were bowled out for 137 runs in 25.2 overs.
Opener Caleb Jewell was unbeaten on 47.
Australia T20 star Tim David played his first List A match for Tasmania since 2021, as he targets a recall to the Australia ODI side for next year's World Cup.
David was on a hiding to nothing when the run rate skyrocketed to 10 per over after the rain break and was dismissed for just 13.
Short earlier top-scored with 70 off 91 deliveries at the top of the order for Victoria to remind Australia selectors of his talents.
Short, 30, has had a rollercoaster ride in his recent ODIs, scoring three ducks in a row against Pakistan and Bangladesh after notching three half-centuries in the previous seven digs for Australia.
Victoria's innings was given early impetus by Short and Thomas Rogers (53 off 49) in a 92-run stand at better than a run-a-ball.
That was continued when Campbell Kellaway (69 off 71) joined Short, with the pair putting on a further 79 runs for the second wicket.
Australia selectors will be hoping the 23-year-old Kellaway can use the knock as a season turning point.
Kellaway has been touted as a future Test batter but has struggled to pile on the runs in Sheffield Shield cricket, making just 70 runs in four digs this summer and two in total for Australia A against India A.
He made 506 runs at 26.78 last summer with one century.
Kellaway made an accomplished 105 nt outo back in 2022 for a Cricket Australia XI against a South Africa attack that included Kagiso Rabada, Lungi Ngidi, Marco Jansen and Anrich Nortje in a knock that hinted at the talents he does possess.
Former Australia representative Peter Handscomb (47 off 41) also chipped in with a handy cameo for Victoria. The bowlers then backed that up to the hilt.
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